SSH keys ======== Key management ------------------------------------------------------------------- After logging in, you can see .ssh/ directory with SSH keys and authorized_keys file: $ cd /home/username/ $ ls -la .ssh/ total 24 drwx------ 2 username username 4096 May 13 15:12 . drwxr-x---22 username username 4096 May 13 07:22 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 username username 392 May 21 2014 authorized_keys -rw------- 1 username username 1675 May 21 2014 id_rsa -rw------- 1 username username 1460 May 21 2014 id_rsa.ppk -rw-r--r-- 1 username username 392 May 21 2014 id_rsa.pub Please note that private keys in .ssh directory are without passphrase and allow you to connect within the cluster. ### Access privileges on .ssh folder - `.ssh` directory: 700 (drwx------) directory: 700 (drwx------) - Authorized_keys, known_hosts and public key (`.pub` file): `644 (-rw-r--r--)` known_hosts and public key (`.pub` file): `644 (-rw-r--r--)` - `` Private key (`id_rsa/id_rsa.ppk` ): `600 (-rw-------)` (`id_rsa/id_rsa.ppk` ): `600 (-rw-------)` cd /home/username/ chmod 700 .ssh/ chmod 644 .ssh/authorized_keys chmod 644 .ssh/id_rsa.pub chmod 644 .ssh/known_hosts chmod 600 .ssh/id_rsa chmod 600 .ssh/id_rsa.ppk Private key (`id_rsa/id_rsa.ppk` ): `600 (-rw-------)` ----------- The path to a private key is usually /home/username/.ssh/ Private key (`id_rsa/id_rsa.ppk` ): `600 (-rw-------)` file in "id_rsa" or `"*.ppk" `format is used to authenticate with the servers. Private key (`id_rsa/id_rsa.ppk` ): `600 (-rw-------)` is present locally on local side and used for example in SSH agent [Pageant (for Windows users)](putty/PageantV.png). The private key should always be kept in a safe place. An example of private key format: -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- MIIEpAIBAAKCAQEAqbo7jokygnBpG2wYa5NB45ns6+UKTNLMLHF0BO3zmRtKEElE aGqXfbYwvXlcuRb2d9/Y5dVpCZHV0kbY3NhtVOcEIe+1ROaiU9BEsUAhMNEvgiLV gSql4QvRO4BWPlM8+WAWXDp3oeoBh8glXyuh9teb8yq98fv1r1peYGRrW3/s4V+q O1SQ0XY2T7rWCYRLIP6rTMXArTI35v3WU513mn7nm1fJ7oN0QgVH5b0W9V1Kyc4l 9vILHeMXxvz+i/5jTEfLOJpiRGYZYcaYrE4dIiHPl3IlbV7hlkK23Xb1US8QJr5G ADxp1VTkHjY+mKagEfxl1hQIb42JLHhKMEGqNQIDAQABAoIBAQCkypPuxZjL+vai UGa5dAWiRZ46P2yrwHPKpvEdpCdDPbLAc1K/CtdBkHZsUPxNHVV6eFWweW99giIY Av+mFWC58X8asBHQ7xkmxW0cqAZRzpkRAl9IBS9/fKjO28Fgy/p+suOi8oWbKIgJ 3LMkX0nnT9oz1AkOfTNC6Tv+3SE7eTj1RPcMjur4W1Cd1N3EljLszdVk4tLxlXBS yl9NzVnJJbJR4t01l45VfFECgYEAno1WJSB/SwdZvS9GkfhvmZd3r4vyV9Bmo3dn XZAh8HRW13imOnpklDR4FRe98D9A7V3yh9h60Co4oAUd6N+Oc68/qnv/8O9efA+M /neI9ANYFo8F0+yFCp4Duj7zPV3aWlN/pd8TNzLqecqh10uZNMy8rAjCxybeZjWd DyhgywXhAoGBAN3BCazNefYpLbpBQzwes+f2oStvwOYKDqySWsYVXeVgUI+OWTVZ eZ26Y86E8MQO+q0TIxpwou+TEaUgOSqCX40Q37rGSl9K+rjnboJBYNCmwVp9bfyj kCLL/3g57nTSqhgHNa1xwemePvgNdn6FZteA8sXiCg5ZzaISqWAffek5AoGBAMPw V/vwQ96C8E3l1cH5cUbmBCCcfXM2GLv74bb1V3SvCiAKgOrZ8gEgUiQ0+TfcbAbe 7MM20vRNQjaLTBpai/BTbmqM1Q+r1KNjq8k5bfTdAoGANgzlNM9omM10rd9WagL5 yuJcal/03p048mtB4OI4Xr5ZJISHze8fK4jQ5veUT9Vu2Fy/w6QMsuRf+qWeCXR5 RPC2H0JzkS+2uZp8BOHk1iDPqbxWXJE9I57CxBV9C/tfzo2IhtOOcuJ4LY+sw+y/ ocKpJbdLTWrTLdqLHwicdn8OxeWot1mOukyK2l0UeDkY6H5pYPtHTpAZvRBd7ETL Zs2RP3KFFvho6aIDGrY0wee740/jWotx7fbxxKwPyDRsbH3+1Wx/eX2RND4OGdkH gejJEzpk/7y/P/hCad7bSDdHZwO+Z03HIRC0E8yQz+JYatrqckaRCtd7cXryTmTR FbvLJmECgYBDpfno2CzcFJCTdNBZFi34oJRiDb+HdESXepk58PcNcgK3R8PXf+au OqDBtZIuFv9U1WAg0gzGwt/0Y9u2c8m0nXziUS6AePxy5sBHs7g9C9WeZRz/nCWK +cHIm7XOwBEzDKz5f9eBqRGipm0skDZNKl8X/5QMTT5K3Eci2n+lTw== -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY----- Public key ---------- Public key file in "*.pub" format is used to verify a digital signature. Public key is present on the remote side and allows access to the owner of the matching private key. An example of public key format: ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCpujuOiTKCcGkbbBhrk0Hjmezr5QpM0swscXQE7fOZG0oQSURoapd9tjC9eVy5FvZ339jl1WkJkdXSRtjc2G1U5wQh77VE5qJT0ESxQCEw0S+CItWBKqXhC9E7gFY+UyP5YBZcOneh6gGHyCVfK6H215vzKr3x+/WvWl5gZGtbf+zhX6o4RJDRdjZPutYJhEsg/qtMxcCtMjfm/dZTnXeafuebV8nug3RCBUflvRb1XUrJuiX28gsd4xfG/P6L/mNMR8s4kmJEZhlhxpj8Th0iIc+XciVtXuGWQrbddcVRLxAmvkYAPGnVVOQeNj69pqAR/GXaFAhvjYkseEowQao1 username@organization.example.com ### How to add your own key First, generate a new keypair of your public and private key: local $ ssh-keygen -C 'username@organization.example.com' -f additional_key Please, enter **strong** **passphrase** for securing your private key. You can insert additional public key into authorized_keys file for authentication with your own private key. Additional records in authorized_keys file must be delimited by new line. Users are not advised to remove the default public key from authorized_keys file. Example: $ cat additional_key.pub > ~/.ssh/authorized_keys In this example, we add an additional public key, stored in file additional_key.pub into the authorized_keys. Next time we log in, we will be able to use the private addtional_key key to log in. ### How to remove your own key Removing your key from authorized_keys can be done simply by deleting the corresponding public key which can be identified by a comment at the end of line (eg. username@organization.example.com).