CImg.h

#ifndef CIMG_H
#define CIMG_H

/*
 #
 #  File            : CImg.h
 #                    ( C++ header file )
 #
 #  Description     : The C++ Template Image Processing Toolkit.
 #                    This file is the main component of the CImg Library project.
 #                    ( http://cimg.eu )
 #
 #  Project manager : David Tschumperle.
 #                    ( http://tschumperle.users.greyc.fr/ )
 #
 #                    A complete list of contributors is available in file 'README.txt'
 #                    distributed within the CImg package.
 #
 #  Licenses        : This file is 'dual-licensed', you have to choose one
 #                    of the two licenses below to apply.
 #
 #                    CeCILL-C
 #                    The CeCILL-C license is close to the GNU LGPL.
 #                    ( http://www.cecill.info/licences/Licence_CeCILL-C_V1-en.html )
 #
 #                or  CeCILL v2.0
 #                    The CeCILL license is compatible with the GNU GPL.
 #                    ( http://www.cecill.info/licences/Licence_CeCILL_V2-en.html )
 #
 #  This software is governed either by the CeCILL or the CeCILL-C license
 #  under French law and abiding by the rules of distribution of free software.
 #  You can  use, modify and or redistribute the software under the terms of
 #  the CeCILL or CeCILL-C licenses as circulated by CEA, CNRS and INRIA
 #  at the following URL: "http://www.cecill.info".
 #
 #  As a counterpart to the access to the source code and  rights to copy,
 #  modify and redistribute granted by the license, users are provided only
 #  with a limited warranty  and the software's author,  the holder of the
 #  economic rights,  and the successive licensors  have only  limited
 #  liability.
 #
 #  In this respect, the user's attention is drawn to the risks associated
 #  with loading,  using,  modifying and/or developing or reproducing the
 #  software by the user in light of its specific status of free software,
 #  that may mean  that it is complicated to manipulate,  and  that  also
 #  therefore means  that it is reserved for developers  and  experienced
 #  professionals having in-depth computer knowledge. Users are therefore
 #  encouraged to load and test the software's suitability as regards their
 #  requirements in conditions enabling the security of their systems and/or
 #  data to be ensured and,  more generally, to use and operate it in the
 #  same conditions as regards security.
 #
 #  The fact that you are presently reading this means that you have had
 #  knowledge of the CeCILL and CeCILL-C licenses and that you accept its terms.
 #
*/

// Set version number of the library.
#ifndef cimg_version
#define cimg_version 200

/*-----------------------------------------------------------
 #
 # Test and possibly auto-set CImg configuration variables
 # and include required headers.
 #
 # If you find that the default configuration variables are
 # not adapted to your system, you can override their values
 # before including the header file "CImg.h"
 # (use the #define directive).
 #
 ------------------------------------------------------------*/

// Include standard C++ headers.
// This is the minimal set of required headers to make CImg-based codes compile.
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdarg>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <cfloat>
#include <climits>
#include <ctime>
#include <exception>
#include <algorithm>

// Detect/configure OS variables.
//
// Define 'cimg_OS' to: '0' for an unknown OS (will try to minize library dependencies).
//                      '1' for a Unix-like OS (Linux, Solaris, BSD, MacOSX, Irix, ...).
//                      '2' for Microsoft Windows.
//                      (auto-detection is performed if 'cimg_OS' is not set by the user).
#ifndef cimg_OS
#if defined(unix)        || defined(__unix)      || defined(__unix__) \
 || defined(linux)       || defined(__linux)     || defined(__linux__) \
 || defined(sun)         || defined(__sun) \
 || defined(BSD)         || defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__NetBSD__) \
 || defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined (__DragonFly__) \
 || defined(sgi)         || defined(__sgi) \
 || defined(__MACOSX__)  || defined(__APPLE__) \
 || defined(__CYGWIN__)
#define cimg_OS 1
#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(WIN32)  || defined(_WIN32) || defined(__WIN32__) \
   || defined(WIN64)    || defined(_WIN64) || defined(__WIN64__)
#define cimg_OS 2
#else
#define cimg_OS 0
#endif
#elif !(cimg_OS==0 || cimg_OS==1 || cimg_OS==2)
#error CImg Library: Invalid configuration variable 'cimg_OS'.
#error (correct values are '0 = unknown OS', '1 = Unix-like OS', '2 = Microsoft Windows').
#endif
#ifndef cimg_date
#define cimg_date __DATE__
#endif
#ifndef cimg_time
#define cimg_time __TIME__
#endif

// Disable silly warnings on some Microsoft VC++ compilers.
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(push)
#pragma warning(disable:4127)
#pragma warning(disable:4244)
#pragma warning(disable:4311)
#pragma warning(disable:4312)
#pragma warning(disable:4512)
#pragma warning(disable:4571)
#pragma warning(disable:4640)
#pragma warning(disable:4706)
#pragma warning(disable:4710)
#pragma warning(disable:4800)
#pragma warning(disable:4804)
#pragma warning(disable:4820)
#pragma warning(disable:4996)
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE 1
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#define _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE 1
#endif

// Define correct string functions for each compiler and OS.
#if cimg_OS==2 && defined(_MSC_VER)
#define cimg_sscanf std::sscanf
#define cimg_sprintf std::sprintf
#define cimg_snprintf cimg::_snprintf
#define cimg_vsnprintf cimg::_vsnprintf
#else
#include <stdio.h>
#if defined(__MACOSX__) || defined(__APPLE__)
#define cimg_sscanf cimg::_sscanf
#define cimg_sprintf cimg::_sprintf
#define cimg_snprintf cimg::_snprintf
#define cimg_vsnprintf cimg::_vsnprintf
#else
#define cimg_sscanf std::sscanf
#define cimg_sprintf std::sprintf
#define cimg_snprintf snprintf
#define cimg_vsnprintf vsnprintf
#endif
#endif

// Include OS-specific headers.
#if cimg_OS==1
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <fnmatch.h>
#elif cimg_OS==2
#ifndef std_fopen
#define std_fopen cimg::win_fopen
#endif
#ifndef NOMINMAX
#define NOMINMAX
#endif
#ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#endif
#include <windows.h>
#ifndef _WIN32_IE
#define _WIN32_IE 0x0400
#endif
#include <shlobj.h>
#include <process.h>
#include <io.h>
#endif

// Look for C++11 features.
#ifndef cimg_use_cpp11
#if __cplusplus>201100
#define cimg_use_cpp11 1
#else
#define cimg_use_cpp11 0
#endif
#endif
#if cimg_use_cpp11==1
#include <initializer_list>
#include <utility>
#endif

// Convenient macro to define pragma
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#define cimg_pragma(x) __pragma(x)
#else
#define cimg_pragma(x) _Pragma(#x)
#endif

// Define own types 'cimg_long/ulong' and 'cimg_int64/uint64' to ensure portability.
// ( constrained to 'sizeof(cimg_ulong/cimg_long) = sizeof(void*)' and 'sizeof(cimg_int64/cimg_uint64)=8' ).
#if cimg_OS==2

#define cimg_uint64 unsigned __int64
#define cimg_int64 __int64
#define cimg_ulong UINT_PTR
#define cimg_long INT_PTR
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#define cimg_fuint64 "%I64u"
#define cimg_fint64 "%I64d"
#else
#define cimg_fuint64 "%llu"
#define cimg_fint64 "%lld"
#endif

#else

#if UINTPTR_MAX==0xffffffff || defined(__arm__) || defined(_M_ARM)
#define cimg_uint64 unsigned long long
#define cimg_int64 long long
#define cimg_fuint64 "%llu"
#define cimg_fint64 "%lld"
#else
#define cimg_uint64 unsigned long
#define cimg_int64 long
#define cimg_fuint64 "%lu"
#define cimg_fint64 "%ld"
#endif

#if defined(__arm__) || defined(_M_ARM)
#define cimg_ulong unsigned long long
#define cimg_long long long
#else
#define cimg_ulong unsigned long
#define cimg_long long
#endif

#endif

// Configure filename separator.
//
// Filename separator is set by default to '/', except for Windows where it is '\'.
#ifndef cimg_file_separator
#if cimg_OS==2
#define cimg_file_separator '\\'
#else
#define cimg_file_separator '/'
#endif
#endif

// Configure verbosity of output messages.
//
// Define 'cimg_verbosity' to: '0' to hide library messages (quiet mode).
//                             '1' to output library messages on the console.
//                             '2' to output library messages on a basic dialog window (default behavior).
//                             '3' to do as '1' + add extra warnings (may slow down the code!).
//                             '4' to do as '2' + add extra warnings (may slow down the code!).
//
// Define 'cimg_strict_warnings' to replace warning messages by exception throwns.
//
// Define 'cimg_use_vt100' to allow output of color messages on VT100-compatible terminals.
#ifndef cimg_verbosity
#if cimg_OS==2
#define cimg_verbosity 2
#else
#define cimg_verbosity 1
#endif
#elif !(cimg_verbosity==0 || cimg_verbosity==1 || cimg_verbosity==2 || cimg_verbosity==3 || cimg_verbosity==4)
#error CImg Library: Configuration variable 'cimg_verbosity' is badly defined.
#error (should be { 0=quiet | 1=console | 2=dialog | 3=console+warnings | 4=dialog+warnings }).
#endif

// Configure display framework.
//
// Define 'cimg_display' to: '0' to disable display capabilities.
//                           '1' to use the X-Window framework (X11).
//                           '2' to use the Microsoft GDI32 framework.
#ifndef cimg_display
#if cimg_OS==0
#define cimg_display 0
#elif cimg_OS==1
#define cimg_display 1
#elif cimg_OS==2
#define cimg_display 2
#endif
#elif !(cimg_display==0 || cimg_display==1 || cimg_display==2)
#error CImg Library: Configuration variable 'cimg_display' is badly defined.
#error (should be { 0=none | 1=X-Window (X11) | 2=Microsoft GDI32 }).
#endif

// Configure the 'abort' signal handler (does nothing by default).
// A typical signal handler can be defined in your own source like this:
// #define cimg_abort_test() if (is_abort) throw CImgAbortException("")
//
// where 'is_abort' is a boolean variable defined somewhere in your code and reachable in the method.
// 'cimg_abort_test2()' does the same but is called more often (in inner loops).
#if defined(cimg_abort_test) && defined(cimg_use_openmp)

// Define abort macros to be used with OpenMP.
#ifndef cimg_abort_init
#define cimg_abort_init bool cimg_abort_go = true; cimg::unused(cimg_abort_go)
#endif
#ifndef cimg_abort_try
#define cimg_abort_try if (cimg_abort_go) try
#endif
#ifndef cimg_abort_catch
#define cimg_abort_catch() catch (CImgAbortException&) { cimg_pragma(omp atomic) cimg_abort_go&=false; }
#endif
#ifdef cimg_abort_test2
#ifndef cimg_abort_try2
#define cimg_abort_try2 cimg_abort_try
#endif
#ifndef cimg_abort_catch2
#define cimg_abort_catch2() cimg_abort_catch()
#endif
#ifndef cimg_abort_catch_fill
#define cimg_abort_catch_fill() \
  catch (CImgException& e) { cimg_pragma(omp critical) CImg<charT>::string(e._message).move_to(is_error); \
                             cimg_pragma(omp atomic) cimg_abort_go&=false; }
#endif
#endif

#endif

#ifndef cimg_abort_test
#define cimg_abort_test()
#endif
#ifndef cimg_abort_test2
#define cimg_abort_test2()
#endif
#ifndef cimg_abort_init
#define cimg_abort_init
#endif
#ifndef cimg_abort_try
#define cimg_abort_try
#endif
#ifndef cimg_abort_catch
#define cimg_abort_catch()
#endif
#ifndef cimg_abort_try2
#define cimg_abort_try2
#endif
#ifndef cimg_abort_catch2
#define cimg_abort_catch2()
#endif
#ifndef cimg_abort_catch_fill
#define cimg_abort_catch_fill()
#endif
#ifndef std_fopen
#define std_fopen std::fopen
#endif

// Include display-specific headers.
#if cimg_display==1
#include <X11/Xlib.h>
#include <X11/Xutil.h>
#include <X11/keysym.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#ifdef cimg_use_xshm
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <X11/extensions/XShm.h>
#endif
#ifdef cimg_use_xrandr
#include <X11/extensions/Xrandr.h>
#endif
#endif
#ifndef cimg_appname
#define cimg_appname "CImg"
#endif

// Configure OpenMP support.
// (http://www.openmp.org)
//
// Define 'cimg_use_openmp' to enable OpenMP support.
//
// OpenMP directives may be used in a (very) few CImg functions to get
// advantages of multi-core CPUs.
#ifdef cimg_use_openmp
#include <omp.h>
#define cimg_pragma_openmp(p) cimg_pragma(omp p)
#else
#define cimg_pragma_openmp(p)
#endif

// Configure OpenCV support.
// (http://opencv.willowgarage.com/wiki/)
//
// Define 'cimg_use_opencv' to enable OpenCV support.
//
// OpenCV library may be used to access images from cameras
// (see method 'CImg<T>::load_camera()').
#ifdef cimg_use_opencv
#ifdef True
#undef True
#define _cimg_redefine_True
#endif
#ifdef False
#undef False
#define _cimg_redefine_False
#endif
#include <cstddef>
#include "cv.h"
#include "highgui.h"
#endif

// Configure LibPNG support.
// (http://www.libpng.org)
//
// Define 'cimg_use_png' to enable LibPNG support.
//
// PNG library may be used to get a native support of '.png' files.
// (see methods 'CImg<T>::{load,save}_png()'.
#ifdef cimg_use_png
extern "C" {
#include "png.h"
}
#endif

// Configure LibJPEG support.
// (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libjpeg)
//
// Define 'cimg_use_jpeg' to enable LibJPEG support.
//
// JPEG library may be used to get a native support of '.jpg' files.
// (see methods 'CImg<T>::{load,save}_jpeg()').
#ifdef cimg_use_jpeg
extern "C" {
#include "jpeglib.h"
#include "setjmp.h"
}
#endif

// Configure LibTIFF support.
// (http://www.libtiff.org)
//
// Define 'cimg_use_tiff' to enable LibTIFF support.
//
// TIFF library may be used to get a native support of '.tif' files.
// (see methods 'CImg[List]<T>::{load,save}_tiff()').
#ifdef cimg_use_tiff
extern "C" {
#define uint64 uint64_hack_
#define int64 int64_hack_
#include "tiffio.h"
#undef uint64
#undef int64
}
#endif

// Configure LibMINC2 support.
// (http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/MINC/Reference/MINC2.0_File_Format_Reference)
//
// Define 'cimg_use_minc2' to enable LibMINC2 support.
//
// MINC2 library may be used to get a native support of '.mnc' files.
// (see methods 'CImg<T>::{load,save}_minc2()').
#ifdef cimg_use_minc2
#include "minc_io_simple_volume.h"
#include "minc_1_simple.h"
#include "minc_1_simple_rw.h"
#endif

// Configure Zlib support.
// (http://www.zlib.net)
//
// Define 'cimg_use_zlib' to enable Zlib support.
//
// Zlib library may be used to allow compressed data in '.cimgz' files
// (see methods 'CImg[List]<T>::{load,save}_cimg()').
#ifdef cimg_use_zlib
extern "C" {
#include "zlib.h"
}
#endif

// Configure libcurl support.
// (http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/)
//
// Define 'cimg_use_curl' to enable libcurl support.
//
// Libcurl may be used to get a native support of file downloading from the network.
// (see method 'cimg::load_network()'.)
#ifdef cimg_use_curl
#include "curl/curl.h"
#endif

// Configure Magick++ support.
// (http://www.imagemagick.org/Magick++)
//
// Define 'cimg_use_magick' to enable Magick++ support.
//
// Magick++ library may be used to get a native support of various image file formats.
// (see methods 'CImg<T>::{load,save}()').
#ifdef cimg_use_magick
#include "Magick++.h"
#endif

// Configure FFTW3 support.
// (http://www.fftw.org)
//
// Define 'cimg_use_fftw3' to enable libFFTW3 support.
//
// FFTW3 library may be used to efficiently compute the Fast Fourier Transform
// of image data, without restriction on the image size.
// (see method 'CImg[List]<T>::FFT()').
#ifdef cimg_use_fftw3
extern "C" {
#include "fftw3.h"
}
#endif

// Configure LibBoard support.
// (http://libboard.sourceforge.net/)
//
// Define 'cimg_use_board' to enable Board support.
//
// Board library may be used to draw 3d objects in vector-graphics canvas
// that can be saved as '.ps' or '.svg' files afterwards.
// (see method 'CImg<T>::draw_object3d()').
#ifdef cimg_use_board
#ifdef None
#undef None
#define _cimg_redefine_None
#endif
#include "Board.h"
#endif

// Configure OpenEXR support.
// (http://www.openexr.com/)
//
// Define 'cimg_use_openexr' to enable OpenEXR support.
//
// OpenEXR library may be used to get a native support of '.exr' files.
// (see methods 'CImg<T>::{load,save}_exr()').
#ifdef cimg_use_openexr
#include "ImfRgbaFile.h"
#include "ImfInputFile.h"
#include "ImfChannelList.h"
#include "ImfMatrixAttribute.h"
#include "ImfArray.h"
#endif

// Configure TinyEXR support.
// (https://github.com/syoyo/tinyexr)
//
// Define 'cimg_use_tinyexr' to enable TinyEXR support.
//
// TinyEXR is a small, single header-only library to load and save OpenEXR(.exr) images.
#ifdef cimg_use_tinyexr
#ifndef TINYEXR_IMPLEMENTATION
#define TINYEXR_IMPLEMENTATION
#endif
#include "tinyexr.h"
#endif

// Lapack configuration.
// (http://www.netlib.org/lapack)
//
// Define 'cimg_use_lapack' to enable LAPACK support.
//
// Lapack library may be used in several CImg methods to speed up
// matrix computations (eigenvalues, inverse, ...).
#ifdef cimg_use_lapack
extern "C" {
  extern void sgetrf_(int*, int*, float*, int*, int*, int*);
  extern void sgetri_(int*, float*, int*, int*, float*, int*, int*);
  extern void sgetrs_(char*, int*, int*, float*, int*, int*, float*, int*, int*);
  extern void sgesvd_(char*, char*, int*, int*, float*, int*, float*, float*, int*, float*, int*, float*, int*, int*);
  extern void ssyev_(char*, char*, int*, float*, int*, float*, float*, int*, int*);
  extern void dgetrf_(int*, int*, double*, int*, int*, int*);
  extern void dgetri_(int*, double*, int*, int*, double*, int*, int*);
  extern void dgetrs_(char*, int*, int*, double*, int*, int*, double*, int*, int*);
  extern void dgesvd_(char*, char*, int*, int*, double*, int*, double*, double*,
                      int*, double*, int*, double*, int*, int*);
  extern void dsyev_(char*, char*, int*, double*, int*, double*, double*, int*, int*);
  extern void dgels_(char*, int*,int*,int*,double*,int*,double*,int*,double*,int*,int*);
  extern void sgels_(char*, int*,int*,int*,float*,int*,float*,int*,float*,int*,int*);
}
#endif

// Check if min/max/PI macros are defined.
//
// CImg does not compile if macros 'min', 'max' or 'PI' are defined,
// because it redefines functions min(), max() and const variable PI in the cimg:: namespace.
// so it '#undef' these macros if necessary, and restore them to reasonable
// values at the end of this file.
#ifdef min
#undef min
#define _cimg_redefine_min
#endif
#ifdef max
#undef max
#define _cimg_redefine_max
#endif
#ifdef PI
#undef PI
#define _cimg_redefine_PI
#endif

// Define 'cimg_library' namespace suffix.
//
// You may want to add a suffix to the 'cimg_library' namespace, for instance if you need to work
// with several versions of the library at the same time.
#ifdef cimg_namespace_suffix
#define __cimg_library_suffixed(s) cimg_library_##s
#define _cimg_library_suffixed(s) __cimg_library_suffixed(s)
#define cimg_library_suffixed _cimg_library_suffixed(cimg_namespace_suffix)
#else
#define cimg_library_suffixed cimg_library
#endif

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  #
  # Define user-friendly macros.
  #
  # These CImg macros are prefixed by 'cimg_' and can be used safely in your own
  # code. They are useful to parse command line options, or to write image loops.
  #
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

// Macros to define program usage, and retrieve command line arguments.
#define cimg_usage(usage) cimg_library_suffixed::cimg::option((char*)0,argc,argv,(char*)0,usage,false)
#define cimg_help(str) cimg_library_suffixed::cimg::option((char*)0,argc,argv,str,(char*)0)
#define cimg_option(name,defaut,usage) cimg_library_suffixed::cimg::option(name,argc,argv,defaut,usage)

// Macros to define and manipulate local neighborhoods.
#define CImg_2x2(I,T) T I[4]; \
                      T& I##cc = I[0]; T& I##nc = I[1]; \
                      T& I##cn = I[2]; T& I##nn = I[3]; \
                      I##cc = I##nc = \
                      I##cn = I##nn = 0

#define CImg_3x3(I,T) T I[9]; \
                      T& I##pp = I[0]; T& I##cp = I[1]; T& I##np = I[2]; \
                      T& I##pc = I[3]; T& I##cc = I[4]; T& I##nc = I[5]; \
                      T& I##pn = I[6]; T& I##cn = I[7]; T& I##nn = I[8]; \
                      I##pp = I##cp = I##np = \
                      I##pc = I##cc = I##nc = \
                      I##pn = I##cn = I##nn = 0

#define CImg_4x4(I,T) T I[16]; \
                      T& I##pp = I[0]; T& I##cp = I[1]; T& I##np = I[2]; T& I##ap = I[3]; \
                      T& I##pc = I[4]; T& I##cc = I[5]; T& I##nc = I[6]; T& I##ac = I[7]; \
                      T& I##pn = I[8]; T& I##cn = I[9]; T& I##nn = I[10]; T& I##an = I[11]; \
                      T& I##pa = I[12]; T& I##ca = I[13]; T& I##na = I[14]; T& I##aa = I[15]; \
                      I##pp = I##cp = I##np = I##ap = \
                      I##pc = I##cc = I##nc = I##ac = \
                      I##pn = I##cn = I##nn = I##an = \
                      I##pa = I##ca = I##na = I##aa = 0

#define CImg_5x5(I,T) T I[25]; \
                      T& I##bb = I[0]; T& I##pb = I[1]; T& I##cb = I[2]; T& I##nb = I[3]; T& I##ab = I[4]; \
                      T& I##bp = I[5]; T& I##pp = I[6]; T& I##cp = I[7]; T& I##np = I[8]; T& I##ap = I[9]; \
                      T& I##bc = I[10]; T& I##pc = I[11]; T& I##cc = I[12]; T& I##nc = I[13]; T& I##ac = I[14]; \
                      T& I##bn = I[15]; T& I##pn = I[16]; T& I##cn = I[17]; T& I##nn = I[18]; T& I##an = I[19]; \
                      T& I##ba = I[20]; T& I##pa = I[21]; T& I##ca = I[22]; T& I##na = I[23]; T& I##aa = I[24]; \
                      I##bb = I##pb = I##cb = I##nb = I##ab = \
                      I##bp = I##pp = I##cp = I##np = I##ap = \
                      I##bc = I##pc = I##cc = I##nc = I##ac = \
                      I##bn = I##pn = I##cn = I##nn = I##an = \
                      I##ba = I##pa = I##ca = I##na = I##aa = 0

#define CImg_2x2x2(I,T) T I[8]; \
                      T& I##ccc = I[0]; T& I##ncc = I[1]; \
                      T& I##cnc = I[2]; T& I##nnc = I[3]; \
                      T& I##ccn = I[4]; T& I##ncn = I[5]; \
                      T& I##cnn = I[6]; T& I##nnn = I[7]; \
                      I##ccc = I##ncc = \
                      I##cnc = I##nnc = \
                      I##ccn = I##ncn = \
                      I##cnn = I##nnn = 0

#define CImg_3x3x3(I,T) T I[27]; \
                      T& I##ppp = I[0]; T& I##cpp = I[1]; T& I##npp = I[2]; \
                      T& I##pcp = I[3]; T& I##ccp = I[4]; T& I##ncp = I[5]; \
                      T& I##pnp = I[6]; T& I##cnp = I[7]; T& I##nnp = I[8]; \
                      T& I##ppc = I[9]; T& I##cpc = I[10]; T& I##npc = I[11]; \
                      T& I##pcc = I[12]; T& I##ccc = I[13]; T& I##ncc = I[14]; \
                      T& I##pnc = I[15]; T& I##cnc = I[16]; T& I##nnc = I[17]; \
                      T& I##ppn = I[18]; T& I##cpn = I[19]; T& I##npn = I[20]; \
                      T& I##pcn = I[21]; T& I##ccn = I[22]; T& I##ncn = I[23]; \
                      T& I##pnn = I[24]; T& I##cnn = I[25]; T& I##nnn = I[26]; \
                      I##ppp = I##cpp = I##npp = \
                      I##pcp = I##ccp = I##ncp = \
                      I##pnp = I##cnp = I##nnp = \
                      I##ppc = I##cpc = I##npc = \
                      I##pcc = I##ccc = I##ncc = \
                      I##pnc = I##cnc = I##nnc = \
                      I##ppn = I##cpn = I##npn = \
                      I##pcn = I##ccn = I##ncn = \
                      I##pnn = I##cnn = I##nnn = 0

#define cimg_get2x2(img,x,y,z,c,I,T) \
  I[0] = (T)(img)(x,y,z,c), I[1] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,y,z,c), I[2] = (T)(img)(x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[3] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n1##y,z,c)

#define cimg_get3x3(img,x,y,z,c,I,T) \
  I[0] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[1] = (T)(img)(x,_p1##y,z,c), I[2] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[3] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,y,z,c), I[4] = (T)(img)(x,y,z,c), I[5] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,y,z,c), \
  I[6] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[7] = (T)(img)(x,_n1##y,z,c), I[8] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n1##y,z,c)

#define cimg_get4x4(img,x,y,z,c,I,T) \
  I[0] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[1] = (T)(img)(x,_p1##y,z,c), I[2] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[3] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[4] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,y,z,c), I[5] = (T)(img)(x,y,z,c), \
  I[6] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,y,z,c), I[7] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,y,z,c), I[8] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[9] = (T)(img)(x,_n1##y,z,c), I[10] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[11] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[12] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[13] = (T)(img)(x,_n2##y,z,c), I[14] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n2##y,z,c), \
  I[15] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n2##y,z,c)

#define cimg_get5x5(img,x,y,z,c,I,T) \
  I[0] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[1] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[2] = (T)(img)(x,_p2##y,z,c), \
  I[3] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[4] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[5] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[6] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[7] = (T)(img)(x,_p1##y,z,c), I[8] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[9] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[10] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,y,z,c), I[11] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,y,z,c), \
  I[12] = (T)(img)(x,y,z,c), I[13] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,y,z,c), I[14] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,y,z,c), \
  I[15] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[16] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[17] = (T)(img)(x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[18] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[19] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[20] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n2##y,z,c), \
  I[21] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[22] = (T)(img)(x,_n2##y,z,c), I[23] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n2##y,z,c), \
  I[24] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n2##y,z,c)

#define cimg_get6x6(img,x,y,z,c,I,T) \
  I[0] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[1] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[2] = (T)(img)(x,_p2##y,z,c), \
  I[3] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[4] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[5] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_p2##y,z,c), \
  I[6] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[7] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[8] = (T)(img)(x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[9] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[10] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[11] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[12] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,y,z,c), I[13] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,y,z,c), I[14] = (T)(img)(x,y,z,c), \
  I[15] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,y,z,c), I[16] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,y,z,c), I[17] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,y,z,c), \
  I[18] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[19] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[20] = (T)(img)(x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[21] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[22] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[23] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[24] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[25] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[26] = (T)(img)(x,_n2##y,z,c), \
  I[27] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[28] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[29] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_n2##y,z,c), \
  I[30] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[31] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[32] = (T)(img)(x,_n3##y,z,c), \
  I[33] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[34] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[35] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_n3##y,z,c)

#define cimg_get7x7(img,x,y,z,c,I,T) \
  I[0] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_p3##y,z,c), I[1] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_p3##y,z,c), I[2] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p3##y,z,c), \
  I[3] = (T)(img)(x,_p3##y,z,c), I[4] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p3##y,z,c), I[5] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_p3##y,z,c), \
  I[6] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_p3##y,z,c), I[7] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[8] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_p2##y,z,c), \
  I[9] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[10] = (T)(img)(x,_p2##y,z,c), I[11] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p2##y,z,c), \
  I[12] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[13] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[14] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[15] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[16] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[17] = (T)(img)(x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[18] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[19] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[20] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[21] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,y,z,c), I[22] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,y,z,c), I[23] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,y,z,c), \
  I[24] = (T)(img)(x,y,z,c), I[25] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,y,z,c), I[26] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,y,z,c), \
  I[27] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,y,z,c), I[28] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[29] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[30] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[31] = (T)(img)(x,_n1##y,z,c), I[32] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[33] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[34] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[35] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_n2##y,z,c), \
  I[36] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[37] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[38] = (T)(img)(x,_n2##y,z,c), \
  I[39] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[40] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[41] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_n2##y,z,c), \
  I[42] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[43] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[44] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n3##y,z,c), \
  I[45] = (T)(img)(x,_n3##y,z,c), I[46] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[47] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n3##y,z,c), \
  I[48] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_n3##y,z,c)

#define cimg_get8x8(img,x,y,z,c,I,T) \
  I[0] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_p3##y,z,c), I[1] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_p3##y,z,c), I[2] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p3##y,z,c), \
  I[3] = (T)(img)(x,_p3##y,z,c), I[4] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p3##y,z,c), I[5] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_p3##y,z,c), \
  I[6] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_p3##y,z,c), I[7] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,_p3##y,z,c), I[8] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_p2##y,z,c), \
  I[9] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[10] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[11] = (T)(img)(x,_p2##y,z,c), \
  I[12] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[13] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[14] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_p2##y,z,c), \
  I[15] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[16] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[17] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[18] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[19] = (T)(img)(x,_p1##y,z,c), I[20] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[21] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[22] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[23] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[24] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,y,z,c), I[25] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,y,z,c), I[26] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,y,z,c), \
  I[27] = (T)(img)(x,y,z,c), I[28] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,y,z,c), I[29] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,y,z,c), \
  I[30] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,y,z,c), I[31] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,y,z,c), I[32] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[33] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[34] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[35] = (T)(img)(x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[36] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[37] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[38] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[39] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[40] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[41] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n2##y,z,c), \
  I[42] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[43] = (T)(img)(x,_n2##y,z,c), I[44] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n2##y,z,c), \
  I[45] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[46] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[47] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,_n2##y,z,c), \
  I[48] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[49] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[50] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n3##y,z,c), \
  I[51] = (T)(img)(x,_n3##y,z,c), I[52] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[53] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n3##y,z,c), \
  I[54] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[55] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[56] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_n4##y,z,c), \
  I[57] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n4##y,z,c), I[58] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n4##y,z,c), I[59] = (T)(img)(x,_n4##y,z,c), \
  I[60] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n4##y,z,c), I[61] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n4##y,z,c), I[62] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_n4##y,z,c), \
  I[63] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,_n4##y,z,c);

#define cimg_get9x9(img,x,y,z,c,I,T) \
  I[0] = (T)(img)(_p4##x,_p4##y,z,c), I[1] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_p4##y,z,c), I[2] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_p4##y,z,c), \
  I[3] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p4##y,z,c), I[4] = (T)(img)(x,_p4##y,z,c), I[5] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p4##y,z,c), \
  I[6] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_p4##y,z,c), I[7] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_p4##y,z,c), I[8] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,_p4##y,z,c), \
  I[9] = (T)(img)(_p4##x,_p3##y,z,c), I[10] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_p3##y,z,c), I[11] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_p3##y,z,c), \
  I[12] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p3##y,z,c), I[13] = (T)(img)(x,_p3##y,z,c), I[14] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p3##y,z,c), \
  I[15] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_p3##y,z,c), I[16] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_p3##y,z,c), I[17] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,_p3##y,z,c), \
  I[18] = (T)(img)(_p4##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[19] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[20] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_p2##y,z,c), \
  I[21] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[22] = (T)(img)(x,_p2##y,z,c), I[23] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p2##y,z,c), \
  I[24] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[25] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_p2##y,z,c), I[26] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,_p2##y,z,c), \
  I[27] = (T)(img)(_p4##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[28] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[29] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[30] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[31] = (T)(img)(x,_p1##y,z,c), I[32] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[33] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[34] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[35] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[36] = (T)(img)(_p4##x,y,z,c), I[37] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,y,z,c), I[38] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,y,z,c), \
  I[39] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,y,z,c), I[40] = (T)(img)(x,y,z,c), I[41] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,y,z,c), \
  I[42] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,y,z,c), I[43] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,y,z,c), I[44] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,y,z,c), \
  I[45] = (T)(img)(_p4##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[46] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[47] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[48] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[49] = (T)(img)(x,_n1##y,z,c), I[50] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[51] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[52] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[53] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[54] = (T)(img)(_p4##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[55] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[56] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n2##y,z,c), \
  I[57] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[58] = (T)(img)(x,_n2##y,z,c), I[59] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n2##y,z,c), \
  I[60] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[61] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_n2##y,z,c), I[62] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,_n2##y,z,c), \
  I[63] = (T)(img)(_p4##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[64] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[65] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n3##y,z,c), \
  I[66] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[67] = (T)(img)(x,_n3##y,z,c), I[68] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n3##y,z,c), \
  I[69] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[70] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_n3##y,z,c), I[71] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,_n3##y,z,c), \
  I[72] = (T)(img)(_p4##x,_n4##y,z,c), I[73] = (T)(img)(_p3##x,_n4##y,z,c), I[74] = (T)(img)(_p2##x,_n4##y,z,c), \
  I[75] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n4##y,z,c), I[76] = (T)(img)(x,_n4##y,z,c), I[77] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n4##y,z,c), \
  I[78] = (T)(img)(_n2##x,_n4##y,z,c), I[79] = (T)(img)(_n3##x,_n4##y,z,c), I[80] = (T)(img)(_n4##x,_n4##y,z,c)

#define cimg_get2x2x2(img,x,y,z,c,I,T) \
  I[0] = (T)(img)(x,y,z,c), I[1] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,y,z,c), I[2] = (T)(img)(x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[3] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[4] = (T)(img)(x,y,_n1##z,c), I[5] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,y,_n1##z,c), \
  I[6] = (T)(img)(x,_n1##y,_n1##z,c), I[7] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n1##y,_n1##z,c)

#define cimg_get3x3x3(img,x,y,z,c,I,T) \
  I[0] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p1##y,_p1##z,c), I[1] = (T)(img)(x,_p1##y,_p1##z,c), \
  I[2] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p1##y,_p1##z,c), I[3] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,y,_p1##z,c), I[4] = (T)(img)(x,y,_p1##z,c), \
  I[5] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,y,_p1##z,c), I[6] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n1##y,_p1##z,c), I[7] = (T)(img)(x,_n1##y,_p1##z,c), \
  I[8] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n1##y,_p1##z,c), I[9] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[10] = (T)(img)(x,_p1##y,z,c), \
  I[11] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p1##y,z,c), I[12] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,y,z,c), I[13] = (T)(img)(x,y,z,c), \
  I[14] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,y,z,c), I[15] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[16] = (T)(img)(x,_n1##y,z,c), \
  I[17] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n1##y,z,c), I[18] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_p1##y,_n1##z,c), I[19] = (T)(img)(x,_p1##y,_n1##z,c), \
  I[20] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_p1##y,_n1##z,c), I[21] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,y,_n1##z,c), I[22] = (T)(img)(x,y,_n1##z,c), \
  I[23] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,y,_n1##z,c), I[24] = (T)(img)(_p1##x,_n1##y,_n1##z,c), I[25] = (T)(img)(x,_n1##y,_n1##z,c), \
  I[26] = (T)(img)(_n1##x,_n1##y,_n1##z,c)

// Macros to perform various image loops.
//
// These macros are simpler to use than loops with C++ iterators.
#define cimg_for(img,ptrs,T_ptrs) \
  for (T_ptrs *ptrs = (img)._data, *_max##ptrs = (img)._data + (img).size(); ptrs<_max##ptrs; ++ptrs)
#define cimg_rof(img,ptrs,T_ptrs) for (T_ptrs *ptrs = (img)._data + (img).size() - 1; ptrs>=(img)._data; --ptrs)
#define cimg_foroff(img,off) for (cimg_ulong off = 0, _max##off = (img).size(); off<_max##off; ++off)

#define cimg_for1(bound,i) for (int i = 0; i<(int)(bound); ++i)
#define cimg_forX(img,x) cimg_for1((img)._width,x)
#define cimg_forY(img,y) cimg_for1((img)._height,y)
#define cimg_forZ(img,z) cimg_for1((img)._depth,z)
#define cimg_forC(img,c) cimg_for1((img)._spectrum,c)
#define cimg_forXY(img,x,y) cimg_forY(img,y) cimg_forX(img,x)
#define cimg_forXZ(img,x,z) cimg_forZ(img,z) cimg_forX(img,x)
#define cimg_forYZ(img,y,z) cimg_forZ(img,z) cimg_forY(img,y)
#define cimg_forXC(img,x,c) cimg_forC(img,c) cimg_forX(img,x)
#define cimg_forYC(img,y,c) cimg_forC(img,c) cimg_forY(img,y)
#define cimg_forZC(img,z,c) cimg_forC(img,c) cimg_forZ(img,z)
#define cimg_forXYZ(img,x,y,z) cimg_forZ(img,z) cimg_forXY(img,x,y)
#define cimg_forXYC(img,x,y,c) cimg_forC(img,c) cimg_forXY(img,x,y)
#define cimg_forXZC(img,x,z,c) cimg_forC(img,c) cimg_forXZ(img,x,z)
#define cimg_forYZC(img,y,z,c) cimg_forC(img,c) cimg_forYZ(img,y,z)
#define cimg_forXYZC(img,x,y,z,c) cimg_forC(img,c) cimg_forXYZ(img,x,y,z)

#define cimg_rof1(bound,i) for (int i = (int)(bound) - 1; i>=0; --i)
#define cimg_rofX(img,x) cimg_rof1((img)._width,x)
#define cimg_rofY(img,y) cimg_rof1((img)._height,y)
#define cimg_rofZ(img,z) cimg_rof1((img)._depth,z)
#define cimg_rofC(img,c) cimg_rof1((img)._spectrum,c)
#define cimg_rofXY(img,x,y) cimg_rofY(img,y) cimg_rofX(img,x)
#define cimg_rofXZ(img,x,z) cimg_rofZ(img,z) cimg_rofX(img,x)
#define cimg_rofYZ(img,y,z) cimg_rofZ(img,z) cimg_rofY(img,y)
#define cimg_rofXC(img,x,c) cimg_rofC(img,c) cimg_rofX(img,x)
#define cimg_rofYC(img,y,c) cimg_rofC(img,c) cimg_rofY(img,y)
#define cimg_rofZC(img,z,c) cimg_rofC(img,c) cimg_rofZ(img,z)
#define cimg_rofXYZ(img,x,y,z) cimg_rofZ(img,z) cimg_rofXY(img,x,y)
#define cimg_rofXYC(img,x,y,c) cimg_rofC(img,c) cimg_rofXY(img,x,y)
#define cimg_rofXZC(img,x,z,c) cimg_rofC(img,c) cimg_rofXZ(img,x,z)
#define cimg_rofYZC(img,y,z,c) cimg_rofC(img,c) cimg_rofYZ(img,y,z)
#define cimg_rofXYZC(img,x,y,z,c) cimg_rofC(img,c) cimg_rofXYZ(img,x,y,z)

#define cimg_for_in1(bound,i0,i1,i) \
 for (int i = (int)(i0)<0?0:(int)(i0), _max##i = (int)(i1)<(int)(bound)?(int)(i1):(int)(bound) - 1; i<=_max##i; ++i)
#define cimg_for_inX(img,x0,x1,x) cimg_for_in1((img)._width,x0,x1,x)
#define cimg_for_inY(img,y0,y1,y) cimg_for_in1((img)._height,y0,y1,y)
#define cimg_for_inZ(img,z0,z1,z) cimg_for_in1((img)._depth,z0,z1,z)
#define cimg_for_inC(img,c0,c1,c) cimg_for_in1((img)._spectrum,c0,c1,c)
#define cimg_for_inXY(img,x0,y0,x1,y1,x,y) cimg_for_inY(img,y0,y1,y) cimg_for_inX(img,x0,x1,x)
#define cimg_for_inXZ(img,x0,z0,x1,z1,x,z) cimg_for_inZ(img,z0,z1,z) cimg_for_inX(img,x0,x1,x)
#define cimg_for_inXC(img,x0,c0,x1,c1,x,c) cimg_for_inC(img,c0,c1,c) cimg_for_inX(img,x0,x1,x)
#define cimg_for_inYZ(img,y0,z0,y1,z1,y,z) cimg_for_inZ(img,x0,z1,z) cimg_for_inY(img,y0,y1,y)
#define cimg_for_inYC(img,y0,c0,y1,c1,y,c) cimg_for_inC(img,c0,c1,c) cimg_for_inY(img,y0,y1,y)
#define cimg_for_inZC(img,z0,c0,z1,c1,z,c) cimg_for_inC(img,c0,c1,c) cimg_for_inZ(img,z0,z1,z)
#define cimg_for_inXYZ(img,x0,y0,z0,x1,y1,z1,x,y,z) cimg_for_inZ(img,z0,z1,z) cimg_for_inXY(img,x0,y0,x1,y1,x,y)
#define cimg_for_inXYC(img,x0,y0,c0,x1,y1,c1,x,y,c) cimg_for_inC(img,c0,c1,c) cimg_for_inXY(img,x0,y0,x1,y1,x,y)
#define cimg_for_inXZC(img,x0,z0,c0,x1,z1,c1,x,z,c) cimg_for_inC(img,c0,c1,c) cimg_for_inXZ(img,x0,z0,x1,z1,x,z)
#define cimg_for_inYZC(img,y0,z0,c0,y1,z1,c1,y,z,c) cimg_for_inC(img,c0,c1,c) cimg_for_inYZ(img,y0,z0,y1,z1,y,z)
#define cimg_for_inXYZC(img,x0,y0,z0,c0,x1,y1,z1,c1,x,y,z,c) \
  cimg_for_inC(img,c0,c1,c) cimg_for_inXYZ(img,x0,y0,z0,x1,y1,z1,x,y,z)
#define cimg_for_insideX(img,x,n) cimg_for_inX(img,n,(img)._width - 1 - (n),x)
#define cimg_for_insideY(img,y,n) cimg_for_inY(img,n,(img)._height - 1 - (n),y)
#define cimg_for_insideZ(img,z,n) cimg_for_inZ(img,n,(img)._depth  - 1 - (n),z)
#define cimg_for_insideC(img,c,n) cimg_for_inC(img,n,(img)._spectrum - 1 - (n),c)
#define cimg_for_insideXY(img,x,y,n) cimg_for_inXY(img,n,n,(img)._width - 1 - (n),(img)._height - 1 - (n),x,y)
#define cimg_for_insideXYZ(img,x,y,z,n) \
  cimg_for_inXYZ(img,n,n,n,(img)._width - 1 - (n),(img)._height - 1 - (n),(img)._depth - 1 - (n),x,y,z)
#define cimg_for_insideXYZC(img,x,y,z,c,n) \
  cimg_for_inXYZ(img,n,n,n,(img)._width - 1 - (n),(img)._height - 1 - (n),(img)._depth - 1 - (n),x,y,z)

#define cimg_for_out1(boundi,i0,i1,i) \
 for (int i = (int)(i0)>0?0:(int)(i1) + 1; i<(int)(boundi); ++i, i = i==(int)(i0)?(int)(i1) + 1:i)
#define cimg_for_out2(boundi,boundj,i0,j0,i1,j1,i,j) \
 for (int j = 0; j<(int)(boundj); ++j) \
 for (int _n1j = (int)(j<(int)(j0) || j>(int)(j1)), i = _n1j?0:(int)(i0)>0?0:(int)(i1) + 1; i<(int)(boundi); \
  ++i, i = _n1j?i:(i==(int)(i0)?(int)(i1) + 1:i))
#define cimg_for_out3(boundi,boundj,boundk,i0,j0,k0,i1,j1,k1,i,j,k) \
 for (int k = 0; k<(int)(boundk); ++k) \
 for (int _n1k = (int)(k<(int)(k0) || k>(int)(k1)), j = 0; j<(int)(boundj); ++j) \
 for (int _n1j = (int)(j<(int)(j0) || j>(int)(j1)), i = _n1j || _n1k?0:(int)(i0)>0?0:(int)(i1) + 1; i<(int)(boundi); \
  ++i, i = _n1j || _n1k?i:(i==(int)(i0)?(int)(i1) + 1:i))
#define cimg_for_out4(boundi,boundj,boundk,boundl,i0,j0,k0,l0,i1,j1,k1,l1,i,j,k,l) \
 for (int l = 0; l<(int)(boundl); ++l) \
 for (int _n1l = (int)(l<(int)(l0) || l>(int)(l1)), k = 0; k<(int)(boundk); ++k) \
 for (int _n1k = (int)(k<(int)(k0) || k>(int)(k1)), j = 0; j<(int)(boundj); ++j) \
 for (int _n1j = (int)(j<(int)(j0) || j>(int)(j1)), i = _n1j || _n1k || _n1l?0:(int)(i0)>0?0:(int)(i1) + 1; \
  i<(int)(boundi); ++i, i = _n1j || _n1k || _n1l?i:(i==(int)(i0)?(int)(i1) + 1:i))
#define cimg_for_outX(img,x0,x1,x) cimg_for_out1((img)._width,x0,x1,x)
#define cimg_for_outY(img,y0,y1,y) cimg_for_out1((img)._height,y0,y1,y)
#define cimg_for_outZ(img,z0,z1,z) cimg_for_out1((img)._depth,z0,z1,z)
#define cimg_for_outC(img,c0,c1,c) cimg_for_out1((img)._spectrum,c0,c1,c)
#define cimg_for_outXY(img,x0,y0,x1,y1,x,y) cimg_for_out2((img)._width,(img)._height,x0,y0,x1,y1,x,y)
#define cimg_for_outXZ(img,x0,z0,x1,z1,x,z) cimg_for_out2((img)._width,(img)._depth,x0,z0,x1,z1,x,z)
#define cimg_for_outXC(img,x0,c0,x1,c1,x,c) cimg_for_out2((img)._width,(img)._spectrum,x0,c0,x1,c1,x,c)
#define cimg_for_outYZ(img,y0,z0,y1,z1,y,z) cimg_for_out2((img)._height,(img)._depth,y0,z0,y1,z1,y,z)
#define cimg_for_outYC(img,y0,c0,y1,c1,y,c) cimg_for_out2((img)._height,(img)._spectrum,y0,c0,y1,c1,y,c)
#define cimg_for_outZC(img,z0,c0,z1,c1,z,c) cimg_for_out2((img)._depth,(img)._spectrum,z0,c0,z1,c1,z,c)
#define cimg_for_outXYZ(img,x0,y0,z0,x1,y1,z1,x,y,z) \
  cimg_for_out3((img)._width,(img)._height,(img)._depth,x0,y0,z0,x1,y1,z1,x,y,z)
#define cimg_for_outXYC(img,x0,y0,c0,x1,y1,c1,x,y,c) \
  cimg_for_out3((img)._width,(img)._height,(img)._spectrum,x0,y0,c0,x1,y1,c1,x,y,c)
#define cimg_for_outXZC(img,x0,z0,c0,x1,z1,c1,x,z,c) \
  cimg_for_out3((img)._width,(img)._depth,(img)._spectrum,x0,z0,c0,x1,z1,c1,x,z,c)
#define cimg_for_outYZC(img,y0,z0,c0,y1,z1,c1,y,z,c) \
  cimg_for_out3((img)._height,(img)._depth,(img)._spectrum,y0,z0,c0,y1,z1,c1,y,z,c)
#define cimg_for_outXYZC(img,x0,y0,z0,c0,x1,y1,z1,c1,x,y,z,c) \
 cimg_for_out4((img)._width,(img)._height,(img)._depth,(img)._spectrum,x0,y0,z0,c0,x1,y1,z1,c1,x,y,z,c)
#define cimg_for_borderX(img,x,n) cimg_for_outX(img,n,(img)._width - 1 - (n),x)
#define cimg_for_borderY(img,y,n) cimg_for_outY(img,n,(img)._height - 1 - (n),y)
#define cimg_for_borderZ(img,z,n) cimg_for_outZ(img,n,(img)._depth - 1 - (n),z)
#define cimg_for_borderC(img,c,n) cimg_for_outC(img,n,(img)._spectrum - 1 - (n),c)
#define cimg_for_borderXY(img,x,y,n) cimg_for_outXY(img,n,n,(img)._width - 1 - (n),(img)._height - 1 - (n),x,y)
#define cimg_for_borderXYZ(img,x,y,z,n) \
  cimg_for_outXYZ(img,n,n,n,(img)._width - 1 - (n),(img)._height - 1 - (n),(img)._depth - 1 - (n),x,y,z)
#define cimg_for_borderXYZC(img,x,y,z,c,n) \
 cimg_for_outXYZC(img,n,n,n,n,(img)._width - 1 - (n),(img)._height - 1 - (n), \
                  (img)._depth - 1 - (n),(img)._spectrum - 1 - (n),x,y,z,c)

#define cimg_for_spiralXY(img,x,y) \
 for (int x = 0, y = 0, _n1##x = 1, _n1##y = (img).width()*(img).height(); _n1##y; \
      --_n1##y, _n1##x+=(_n1##x>>2) - ((!(_n1##x&3)?--y:((_n1##x&3)==1?(img)._width - 1 - ++x:\
      ((_n1##x&3)==2?(img)._height - 1 - ++y:--x))))?0:1)

#define cimg_for_lineXY(x,y,x0,y0,x1,y1) \
 for (int x = (int)(x0), y = (int)(y0), _sx = 1, _sy = 1, _steep = 0, \
      _dx=(x1)>(x0)?(int)(x1) - (int)(x0):(_sx=-1,(int)(x0) - (int)(x1)), \
      _dy=(y1)>(y0)?(int)(y1) - (int)(y0):(_sy=-1,(int)(y0) - (int)(y1)), \
      _counter = _dx, \
      _err = _dx>_dy?(_dy>>1):((_steep=1),(_counter=_dy),(_dx>>1)); \
      _counter>=0; \
      --_counter, x+=_steep? \
      (y+=_sy,(_err-=_dx)<0?_err+=_dy,_sx:0): \
      (y+=(_err-=_dy)<0?_err+=_dx,_sy:0,_sx))

#define cimg_for2(bound,i) \
 for (int i = 0, _n1##i = 1>=(bound)?(int)(bound) - 1:1; \
      _n1##i<(int)(bound) || i==--_n1##i; \
      ++i, ++_n1##i)
#define cimg_for2X(img,x) cimg_for2((img)._width,x)
#define cimg_for2Y(img,y) cimg_for2((img)._height,y)
#define cimg_for2Z(img,z) cimg_for2((img)._depth,z)
#define cimg_for2C(img,c) cimg_for2((img)._spectrum,c)
#define cimg_for2XY(img,x,y) cimg_for2Y(img,y) cimg_for2X(img,x)
#define cimg_for2XZ(img,x,z) cimg_for2Z(img,z) cimg_for2X(img,x)
#define cimg_for2XC(img,x,c) cimg_for2C(img,c) cimg_for2X(img,x)
#define cimg_for2YZ(img,y,z) cimg_for2Z(img,z) cimg_for2Y(img,y)
#define cimg_for2YC(img,y,c) cimg_for2C(img,c) cimg_for2Y(img,y)
#define cimg_for2ZC(img,z,c) cimg_for2C(img,c) cimg_for2Z(img,z)
#define cimg_for2XYZ(img,x,y,z) cimg_for2Z(img,z) cimg_for2XY(img,x,y)
#define cimg_for2XZC(img,x,z,c) cimg_for2C(img,c) cimg_for2XZ(img,x,z)
#define cimg_for2YZC(img,y,z,c) cimg_for2C(img,c) cimg_for2YZ(img,y,z)
#define cimg_for2XYZC(img,x,y,z,c) cimg_for2C(img,c) cimg_for2XYZ(img,x,y,z)

#define cimg_for_in2(bound,i0,i1,i) \
 for (int i = (int)(i0)<0?0:(int)(i0), \
      _n1##i = i + 1>=(int)(bound)?(int)(bound) - 1:i + 1; \
      i<=(int)(i1) && (_n1##i<(int)(bound) || i==--_n1##i); \
      ++i, ++_n1##i)
#define cimg_for_in2X(img,x0,x1,x) cimg_for_in2((img)._width,x0,x1,x)
#define cimg_for_in2Y(img,y0,y1,y) cimg_for_in2((img)._height,y0,y1,y)
#define cimg_for_in2Z(img,z0,z1,z) cimg_for_in2((img)._depth,z0,z1,z)
#define cimg_for_in2C(img,c0,c1,c) cimg_for_in2((img)._spectrum,c0,c1,c)
#define cimg_for_in2XY(img,x0,y0,x1,y1,x,y) cimg_for_in2Y(img,y0,y1,y) cimg_for_in2X(img,x0,x1,x)
#define cimg_for_in2XZ(img,x0,z0,x1,z1,x,z) cimg_for_in2Z(img,z0,z1,z) cimg_for_in2X(img,x0,x1,x)
#define cimg_for_in2XC(img,x0,c0,x1,c1,x,c) cimg_for_in2C(img,c0,c1,c) cimg_for_in2X(img,x0,x1,x)
#define cimg_for_in2YZ(img,y0,z0,y1,z1,y,z) cimg_for_in2Z(img,z0,z1,z) cimg_for_in2Y(img,y0,y1,y)
#define cimg_for_in2YC(img,y0,c0,y1,c1,y,c) cimg_for_in2C(img,c0,c1,c) cimg_for_in2Y(img,y0,y1,y)