compilers.md

# Compilers

## Available Compilers, Including GNU, INTEL, and UPC Compilers

Currently there are several compilers for different programming languages available on the Anselm cluster:

* C/C++
* Fortran 77/90/95
* Unified Parallel C
* Java
* NVIDIA CUDA

The C/C++ and Fortran compilers are divided into two main groups GNU and Intel.

## Intel Compilers

For information about the usage of Intel Compilers and other Intel products, please read the [Intel Parallel studio](intel-suite/) page.

## GNU C/C++ and Fortran Compilers

For compatibility reasons there are still available the original (old 4.4.6-4) versions of GNU compilers as part of the OS. These are accessible in the search path by default.

It is strongly recommended to use the up to date version (4.8.1) which comes with the module gcc:

```bash
    $ module load gcc
    $ gcc -v
    $ g++ -v
    $ gfortran -v
```

With the module loaded two environment variables are predefined. One for maximum optimizations on the Anselm cluster architecture, and the other for debugging purposes:

```bash
    $ echo $OPTFLAGS
    -O3 -march=corei7-avx

    $ echo $DEBUGFLAGS
    -O0 -g
```

For more information about the possibilities of the compilers, please see the man pages.

## Unified Parallel C

 UPC is supported by two compiler/runtime implementations:

* GNU - SMP/multi-threading support only
* Berkley - multi-node support as well as SMP/multi-threading support

### GNU UPC Compiler

To use the GNU UPC compiler and run the compiled binaries use the module gupc

```bash
    $ module add gupc
    $ gupc -v
    $ g++ -v
```

Simple program to test the compiler

```bash
    $ cat count.upc

    /* hello.upc - a simple UPC example */
    #include <upc.h>
    #include <stdio.h>

    int main() {
      if (MYTHREAD == 0) {
        printf("Welcome to GNU UPC!!!n");
      }
      upc_barrier;
      printf(" - Hello from thread %in", MYTHREAD);
      return 0;
    }
```

To compile the example use

```bash
    $ gupc -o count.upc.x count.upc
```

To run the example with 5 threads issue

```bash
    $ ./count.upc.x -fupc-threads-5
```

For more information see the man pages.

### Berkley UPC Compiler

To use the Berkley UPC compiler and runtime environment to run the binaries use the module bupc

```bash
    $ module add bupc
    $ upcc -version
```

As default UPC network the "smp" is used. This is very quick and easy way for testing/debugging, but limited to one node only.

For production runs, it is recommended to use the native Infiband implementation of UPC network "ibv". For testing/debugging using multiple nodes, the "mpi" UPC network is recommended.

!!! warning
    Selection of the network is done at the compile time and not at runtime (as expected)!

Example UPC code:

```bash
    $ cat hello.upc

    /* hello.upc - a simple UPC example */
    #include <upc.h>
    #include <stdio.h>

    int main() {
      if (MYTHREAD == 0) {
        printf("Welcome to Berkeley UPC!!!n");
      }
      upc_barrier;
      printf(" - Hello from thread %in", MYTHREAD);
      return 0;
    }
```

To compile the example with the "ibv" UPC network use

```bash
    $ upcc -network=ibv -o hello.upc.x hello.upc
```

To run the example with 5 threads issue

```bash
    $ upcrun -n 5 ./hello.upc.x
```

To run the example on two compute nodes using all 32 cores, with 32 threads, issue

```bash
    $ qsub -I -q qprod -A PROJECT_ID -l select=2:ncpus=16
    $ module add bupc
    $ upcrun -n 32 ./hello.upc.x
```

For more information see the man pages.

## Java

For information how to use Java (runtime and/or compiler), please read the [Java page](java/).

## NVIDIA CUDA

For information on how to work with NVIDIA CUDA, please read the [NVIDIA CUDA page](nvidia-cuda/).